Definition:

• The Node An interface is an abstract base class for many DOM API objects, enabling consistent interaction across object types.
• Direct instances of Node do not exist; subclasses implement its functionality (e.g., Document, Element, DocumentFragment).
• Specific interfaces like Attr, CharacterData (e.g., Text, Comment), and DocumentType are based on Node.

Key Features:

• Certain Node Features may not apply to child interfaces, potentially returning null or throwing exceptions (e.g., adding children to a node that cannot have children).

Properties:

• Inherited from EventTarget: All Node Objects inherit properties and methods from EventTarget.
• Core Properties:
  • Node.baseURI (Read-only): Base URL of the document.
  • Node.childNodes (Read-only): Live NodeList of child nodes.
  • Node.firstChild / Node.lastChild (Read-only): First/last direct child node.
  • Node.isConnected (Read-only): Boolean indicating connection to a document or shadow DOM.
  • Node.nextSibling / Node.previousSibling (Read-only): Adjacent sibling nodes.
  • Node.nodeName (Read-only): Name of the node (varies by type).
  • Node.nodeType (Read-only): Type of the node (e.g., ELEMENT_NODE, TEXT_NODE).
  • Node.nodeValue: Value of the node (read/write).
  • Node.ownerDocument (Read-only): Document owning the node, or null for documents themselves.
  • Node.parentNode / Node.parentElement (Read-only): Parent Node or Element.
  • Node.textContent: Textual content of the node and descendants (read/write).

Methods:

• Node.appendChild(childNode): Adds a child node to the end of the list.
• Node.cloneNode(deep): Creates a duplicate of the node (with optional deep cloning).
• Node.compareDocumentPosition(otherNode): Compares the position of two nodes.
• Node.contains(anotherNode): Checks if the node contains another node.
• Node.getRootNode(): Returns the root node, including shadow root if present.
• Node.hasChildNodes(): Boolean indicating the presence of child nodes.
• Node.insertBefore(newNode, referenceNode): Inserts a node before a reference node.